Name: 
 

A.P. Ch. 6-8 Review


Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

1. 
For an enzyme to function, what kind of energy must be provided?
a.
combination
b.
activation
c.
thermal
d.
electrical
e.
solar
 

2. 
In the cyclic pathway,
a.
ATP alone forms.
b.
ATP and NADPH form.
c.
oxygen is a by-product.
d.
water participates in the process.
e.
two photosystems are involved.
 

3. 
Which reaction is NOT an exergonic reaction?
a.
protein synthesis
b.
digestion
c.
fire
d.
respiration
e.
movement
 

4. 
Cellular respiration
a.
is the mechanism that evolved to enable living organisms to utilize energy stored in glucose.
b.
occurs only in animal cells because plants carry on photosynthesis.
c.
utilizes fat as its primary energy source.
d.
occurs at the same rate throughout all cells of the body.
e.
is the only cellular mechanism that yields ATP.
 

5. 
Energy
a.
cannot be produced by fungi and heterotrophic organisms.
b.
involves ATP in living organisms.
c.
is the ability to do work.
d.
usage is governed by the laws of thermodynamics.
e.
all of these
 

6. 
In the breakdown of glucose, a phosphorylated six-carbon compound is split into two three-carbon compounds which are named
a.
phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL).
b.
pyruvate.
c.
acetyl-CoA.
d.
lactate.
e.
acetaldehyde.
 

7. 
Allosteric inhibition is generally a result of
a.
excess substrates.
b.
binding of regulatory molecules at another site.
c.
a change in the temperature of the system.
d.
a lack of coenzymes.
e.
pH inhibition.
 

8. 
When light excites chlorophyll, the chlorophyll molecule
a.
changes to carotene.
b.
becomes agitated and moves rapidly.
c.
becomes radioactive.
d.
absorbs the energy and moves an electron to a higher energy state.
e.
becomes ionized.
 

9. 
A "high-energy bond"
a.
absorbs a large amount of free energy when the phosphate group is attached during hydrolysis.
b.
is formed when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and one phosphate group.
c.
is usually found in each glucose molecule; that is why glucose is chosen as the starting point for glycolysis.
d.
releases a large amount of usable energy when the phosphate group is split off during hydrolysis.
e.
none of these
 

10. 
Substances that enter a reaction are termed
a.
intermediates.
b.
enzymes.
c.
energy carriers.
d.
substrates.
e.
none of these
 

11. 
The bacteria that cause botulism and tetanus cannot live in the presence of
a.
carbon dioxide.
b.
oxygen.
c.
glucose.
d.
alcohol.
e.
ATP.
 

12. 
Which of the following statements is false?
a.
The universe has a certain amount of energy.
b.
One form of energy can be converted to other forms of energy.
c.
Whenever energy conversions occur, some energy is lost.
d.
Once energy is utilized, it disappears.
e.
There are differences in the quality of energy.
 

13. 
All living organisms
a.
generate ATP.
b.
utilize oxygen.
c.
have a well-defined nucleus.
d.
produce carbon dioxide.
e.
generate ATP and produce carbon dioxide.
 

14. 
How many ATP molecules (net yield) are produced per molecule of glucose degraded during glycolysis?
a.
1
b.
2
c.
4
d.
36
e.
38
 

15. 
In the noncyclic pathways,
a.
there is a one-way flow of electrons from photosystem I to photosystem II.
b.
ATP alone is produced.
c.
hydrogen ions accumulate in the thylakoid compartments.
d.
only electrons are transferred to hydrogen acceptors.
e.
water is not involved in any of the reactions.
 

16. 
Endergonic reactions
a.
have more energy in the reactants than in the products.
b.
have more energy in the products than in the reactants.
c.
are illustrated by the breakdown of glucose.
d.
are the mechanisms used by animals to provide energy for biological reactions.
e.
have more energy in the products than in the reactants and are illustrated by the breakdown of glucose.
 

17. 
The greatest number of ATP molecules is produced in
a.
glycolysis.
b.
alcoholic fermentation.
c.
anaerobic electron transport.
d.
electron transport phosphorylation.
e.
the Krebs cycle.
 

18. 
Krebs cycle reactions and electron transport phosphorylation are
a.
in the mitochondrion and ER, respectively.
b.
in separate parts of the mitochondrion.
c.
inside and outside the mitochondrion, respectively.
d.
in the same mitochondrial compartment.
e.
cytoplasmic reactions.
 

19. 
Plant cells produce one molecule of O2
a.
by splitting carbon dioxide.
b.
during respiration.
c.
by splitting ribulose bisphosphate.
d.
by splitting two molecules of water.
e.
by breaking down glucose.
 

20. 
Photolysis involves
a.
the cyclic pathway of ATP formation.
b.
photosystem I.
c.
carotenoid pigments.
d.
the noncyclic pathway of ATP formation.
e.
both the cyclic pathway of ATP formation and photosystem I.
 

21. 
A chemical equilibrium
a.
means the concentration of reactants and products is the same.
b.
means the rate of opposing reactions is equal.
c.
means highly spontaneous reactions are less likely to occur than when the system is not at equilibrium.
d.
means both reactions are typically proceeding against concentration gradients.
e.
only occurs in endergonic reactions.
 

22. 
Thylakoid disks are stacked in groups called
a.
grana.
b.
stroma.
c.
lamellae.
d.
cristae.
e.
none of these
 

23. 
Chlorophyll reflects (does not absorb) which color of light?
a.
red
b.
yellow
c.
orange
d.
green
e.
blue
 

24. 
The energy used by living organisms
a.
is declining through time.
b.
is derived by breaking bonds that hold the atoms in organic molecules together.
c.
involves ionic bonds more often than covalent bonds.
d.
is available only from glucose when it undergoes respiration.
e.
tends to accumulate in a food chain.
 

25. 
Plants need which of the following to carry on photosynthesis?
a.
H2O
b.
CO2
c.
O2
d.
lipid
e.
H2O and CO2.
 

26. 
Before a glucose molecule can be broken down to release energy,
a.
one ATP molecule must be added to glucose.
b.
two phosphate groups must be attached to glucose.
c.
three ATP molecules must be added to glucose.
d.
one ATP molecule must be taken away from glucose.
e.
two ATP molecules must be taken away from glucose.
 

27. 
Plant cells are capable of
a.
photosynthesis.
b.
ATP production.
c.
glucose breakdown.
d.
aerobic respiration.
e.
all of these
 

28. 
Most carbon enters the web of life through
a.
chemosynthesis.
b.
aerobic respiration.
c.
anaerobic respiration.
d.
photosynthesis.
e.
both chemosynthesis and aerobic respiration.
 

29. 
To break down a glucose molecule completely, how many passes through the Krebs cycle are required?
a.
2
b.
3
c.
4
d.
6
e.
12
 

30. 
ATP
a.
can be produced by photosynthesis.
b.
is produced in the degradation of organic compounds such as glucose.
c.
is generated in anaerobic respiration.
d.
is released in aerobic respiration.
e.
all of these
 

31. 
Which of the following liberates the most energy in the form of ATP?
a.
aerobic respiration
b.
anaerobic respiration
c.
alcoholic fermentation
d.
lactate fermentation
e.
All liberate the same amount, but through different means.
 

32. 
The products of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis
a.
are complex carbohydrates.
b.
are not used in the light-independent reactions.
c.
include ATP molecules and oxygen.
d.
are phosphoglyceraldehyde molecules that may be converted into glucose and/or ribulose bisphosphate.
e.
are complex carbohydrates and are phosphoglyceraldehyde molecules that may be converted into glucose and/or ribulose bisphosphate.
 



 
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