Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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1.
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A salt will dissolve in water
to form A) | acids. | B) | gases. | C) | ions. | D) | bases. | E) | polar solvents. | | |
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2.
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Which of the following is
composed of a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen? A) | carbohydrate | B) | protein | C) | lipid | D) | nucleic acid | E) | steroid | | |
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3.
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Fructose and glucose
are A) | isotopes. | B) | monosaccharides. | C) | disaccharides. | D) | six-carbon
sugars. | E) | both monosaccharides and six-carbon sugars. | | |
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4.
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The primary carbohydrate used
in the transport of food from the leaves to the root is A) | glucose. | B) | sucrose. | C) | fructose. | D) | maltose. | E) | lactose. | | |
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5.
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Which of the following are
sometimes referred to as rough or smooth, depending on the structure? A) | Golgi bodies | B) | ribosomes | C) | mitochondria | D) | lysosomes | E) | endoplasmic reticula | | |
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6.
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Which of the following does NOT
require the participation of a membrane protein? A) | active transport | B) | exocytosis | C) | facilitated
diffusion | D) | simple diffusion | E) | all of these require a protein | | |
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7.
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In cocker spaniels, black coat
color (B) is dominant over red (b), and solid color (S) is dominant over spotted
(s). If Bb Ss were crossed with Bb ss, the chance that a black solid individual
would be produced is A) | 3/16. | B) | 1/3. | C) | 9/16. | D) | 3/8. | E) | 1/16. | | |
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8.
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The number of different alleles
for ABO blood types in the total human population is A) | 4. | B) | 6. | C) | 9. | D) | undetermined. | E) | 3. | | |
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9.
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Sex
chromosomes A) | determine gender. | B) | vary from one sex to another. | C) | carry some genes that have nothing to do with sex. | D) | were unknown to Mendel. | E) | all of these | | |
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10.
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Concerning the sex chromosomes,
which of the following is correct? A) | The Y chromosome carries a greater number
of nonsexual traits. | B) | X and Y are different in size but carry
nearly equal numbers of genes. | C) | The X chromosome carries more genes for
nonsexual traits. | D) | The X chromosome carries only
gender-related genes. | E) | The X chromosome carries the TDF
gene. | | |
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11.
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A gene
mutation A) | is a change in the nucleotide sequence of
DNA. | B) | may be caused by environmental agents. | C) | may arise spontaneously. | D) | can occur in any
organism. | E) | all of these | | |
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12.
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Unusual growth of cells that do
not pose a threat to surrounding tissues are termed A) | malignant. | B) | benign. | C) | metastatic. | D) | carcinogenic. | E) | repressed. | | |
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13.
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New combinations of genes may
be produced by A) | immigration. | C) | crossing
over. | E) | all of these | B) | mutation. | D) | sexual
reproduction. | | | | | | |
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14.
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The Hardy-Weinberg formula is
valuable for the calculation of changes in A) | population
size. | C) | allele frequencies. | E) | dimorphism. | B) | speciation. | D) | mutation. | | | | | | |
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15.
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In the course of the evolution
of existing primate groups, there has been a general decrease in A) | number of offspring produced by a female. | B) | body size. | C) | life span. | D) | duration of infant dependency. | | |
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16.
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The conifers, such as pines and
junipers, are examples of the A) | gymnosperms. | B) | angiosperms. | C) | bryophytes. | D) | filicinae. | E) | none of these | | |
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17.
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Deciduous
plants A) | are nonvascular. | B) | are evergreen. | C) | must shed all their leaves once a
year. | D) | may retain their dead brown leaves over the winter and shed them only
when new leaves emerge. | | |
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18.
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Which of the following is
mismatched? A) | cotyledon-seed leaf | B) | petiole-leaf stalk | C) | deciduous-evergreen | D) | veins-vascular
bundles | E) | blade-leaf | | |
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19.
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Which element is found as a
component of amino acids, proteins, chlorophyll, nucleic acids, and coenzymes? A) | nitrogen | B) | potassium | C) | sulfur | D) | phosphorus | E) | magnesium | | |
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20.
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Most of the water that enters
the plant A) | leaves the plant through the root system. | B) | is lost through transpiration. | C) | remains in the plant to form the high concentration of water in plant
tissue. | D) | remains in the plant to function in
translocation. | E) | is used up in cellular metabolism. | | |
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21.
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Functionally, the two most
closely associated senses are A) | sight and
sound. | C) | taste and smell. | E) | touch and balance. | B) | touch and sight. | D) | temperature and pain. | | | | | | |
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22.
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Antibodies are A) | proteins. | B) | steroids. | C) | polysaccharides. | D) | lipoproteins. | E) | all of these | | |
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23.
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The purpose of a vaccine is
to A) | produce a mild case of the disease. | B) | stimulate the immune response. | C) | cause memory cells to be formed. | D) | stimulate the immune response and cause memory cells to be
formed. | E) | produce a mild case of the disease, stimulate the immune response, and
cause memory cells to be formed. | | |
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24.
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Which characteristic of a
population is a convenient way to express the rate of change within a population? A) | size | B) | growth | C) | density | D) | carrying
capacity | E) | age | | |
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25.
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Which of the following
statements about parasites is true? A) | Parasites usually do not kill their
hosts. | B) | The parasite species that infects a particular host species becomes
less virulent over evolutionary time. | C) | Warm-blooded animals are frequently
infected by parasites. | D) | Parasites usually do not kill their hosts;
and The parasite species that infects a particular host species becomes less virulent over
evolutionary time. | E) | Parasites usually do not kill their hosts;
The parasite species that infects a particular host species becomes less virulent over evolutionary
time; and Warm-blooded animals are frequently infected by parasites. | | |
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26.
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The ultimate source of all
energy in a terrestrial ecosystem is A) | the organic matter in all the organisms of
the ecosystem. | B) | water. | C) | sunlight. | D) | carbon dioxide. | | |
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27.
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The biome most in danger of
desertification is A) | desert. | B) | grassland. | C) | deciduous
forest. | D) | tropical rain forest. | E) | taiga. | | |
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28.
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The neutral subatomic particle
is the A) | neutron. | B) | proton. | C) | electron. | D) | both the neutron and
proton. | E) | both the proton and electron. | | |
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29.
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The atomic number is determined
by the number of A) | neutrons and protons. | B) | neutrons and electrons. | C) | protons and
electrons. | D) | protons only. | E) | neutrons only. | | |
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30.
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Water is an example of
a(n) A) | atom. | B) | ion. | C) | compound. | D) | mixture. | E) | element. | | |
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31.
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One of the generalizations of
the cell theory is that A) | all cells have a
nucleus. | B) | all cells divide by meiosis. | C) | all living organisms are made up of cells. | D) | cells arise through spontaneous generation. | E) | growth is solely the result of cell division. | | |
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32.
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The highest magnification
generally used to study cells is provided by the A) | transmission electron
microscope. | B) | compound light microscope. | C) | phase contrast microscope. | D) | scanning electron
microscope. | E) | binocular dissecting microscope. | | |
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33.
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Plants need which of the
following to carry on photosynthesis? A) | H2O | B) | CO2 | C) | O2 | D) | lipid | E) | H2O and
CO2. | | |
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34.
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Organisms that derive their
chemical energy from the process of chemosynthesis are classified as A) | autotrophs. | B) | parasites. | C) | heterotrophs. | D) | saprophytes. | E) | mutualists. | | |
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35.
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The location of a gene on a
chromosome is its A) | centromere. | B) | locus. | C) | autosome. | D) | allele. | E) | none of these | | |
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36.
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The DNA molecule could be
compared to a A) | hair pin. | B) | ladder. | C) | key. | D) | globular mass. | E) | flat plate. | | |
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37.
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Enzymes used to cut genes in
recombinant DNA research are A) | ligases. | B) | restriction enzymes. | C) | transcriptases. | D) | DNA polymerases. | E) | replicases. | | |
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38.
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New alleles arise
by A) | mutation. | B) | migration. | C) | genetic drift. | D) | random mating. | E) | independent assortment. | | |
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39.
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"Seasonal",
"daily", "monthly" all describe isolation that can be termed A) | behavioral. | B) | temporal. | C) | mechanical. | D) | gametic. | E) | ecological. | | |
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40.
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In allopatric speciation,
daughter species may arise A) | abruptly. | B) | in proportion to the parental stock. | C) | in the same homeland. | D) | gradually over rather long periods of
time. | E) | either abruptly or gradually over rather long periods of
time. | | |
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41.
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Mosses are A) | algae. | C) | vascular plants. | E) | extinct. | B) | bryophytes. | D) | gymnosperms. | | | | | | |
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42.
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The most successful forms of
life that have ever evolved are the A) | vertebrates. | B) | insects. | C) | humans. | D) | protozoans. | E) | mollusks | | | | | | | | | | |
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43.
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Sharks differ from most other
fish in that they lack A) | lungs. | C) | bone. | B) | scales. | D) | paired appendages. | | | | |
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44.
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Amphibians are completely
dependent on an aquatic environment for A) | respiration. | B) | feeding. | C) | reproduction. | D) | respiration and reproduction. | E) | respiration, reproduction, and feeding. | | |
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45.
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If all of the phloem were
stripped from around a tree in a process known as girdling, A) | the plant would stop growing. | B) | the vascular cambium would be destroyed so that the plant could no longer
grow. | C) | the shoot system would get no moisture or
minerals. | D) | the roots would starve and eventually the plant would
die. | E) | there would be no problems unless the tree became infected by insects
and fungi. | | |
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46.
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Pollination occurs on
the A) | micropyle. | B) | stigma. | C) | style. | D) | anther. | E) | embryo sac. | | |
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47.
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Muscles are attached to bones
by means of A) | sarcomeres. | B) | ligaments. | C) | cross-bridges. | D) | cuticle. | E) | tendons. | | |
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48.
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Which of the following
structures is a hollow ball composed of a single layer of cells? A) | zygote | B) | morula | C) | gastrula | D) | blastula | E) | yolk sac | | |
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49.
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The cervix is part of
the A) | vulva. | B) | ovary. | C) | uterus. | D) | oviduct. | E) | vagina. | | |
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50.
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In biological
magnification, A) | poisons build up in food chains and webs so that the concentration is
highest at the high end of the food chain. | B) | there is a tendency for an environment to
change when organisms first invade. | C) | more highly evolved forms are able to
build large populations under favorable conditions. | D) | parasites spread rapidly through congested populations. | E) | sediments fill in aquatic environments so that succession will occur if organisms
disturb the aquatic habitat. | | |
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